He was the 16th president of the United States. Abraham Lincoln's Presidential term was from 1861 until Lincoln got assassinated in April 1865. Lincoln was the first Republican president. His election made seven southern states secede from the nation. The Civil War began on April 12th 1861, which was one month after Lincoln took office. 1863 During the Civil War Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared that "all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.” 1865 Since Lincoln realized that slavery was not abolished, he decided he needed to follow the Emancipation Proclamation with a constitutional amendment which is now the 13th amendment. Also in 1865 was the Gettysburg address. This was considered Abraham Lincoln's most famous speech. It started with, "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." This was a speech dedicated to the Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg, and reminded the people of the importance of equality, Liberty, and National Unity.
Andrew Johnson (1864-1868) He was the 17th president of the United States. He was born in North Carolina and was very poor. He had to work his way up. He was Abraham Lincoln's vice president until Lincoln was assassinated in 1865. 1868 This was when the Treaty of Fort Laramie was signed between the United States government and the Sioux nation . This treaty recognized the Black Hills area as part of the Great Sioux reservations. By signing this treaty it said that the land was set aside exclusively for the Sioux people.
This is a political cartoon made of President Andrew Johnson after he vetoed the Freedman's Bureau. This made white southerners very happy but upset the republican party. In the cartoon you can see a "Big headed" Andrew Johnson kicking the Freedman's Bureau and Americans falling out. This is showing how this veto hurt Americans, especially African Americans who were still trying to fight segregation and have the same rights as everyone else.
Ulysses S. Grant (1868-1876) He was the 18th president of the United States and started as the Commanding General of the United States military. He worked closely with Abraham Lincoln and helped lead the Union army to victory in the American Civil War.
1885 This is a picture of Grant writing his memories in Mount McGregor. This was taken only a month before his death. He has a collection called the Grant collection with all of his memories.
This shows the election of 1876. Rutherford B Hayes was said to have won by a lot. Plus this election had new states in it that were not states and couldn't participate in the previous election.
Rutherford B. Hayes (1876-1880) He was the 19th President of the United States. He oversaw the end of reconstruction and began the efforts that led to civil service reform.
James A. Garfield (1831-Assasinated that year) Chester Arther (1881-1885) He had a bad reputation because of his participation in the New York political machine. The Pendleton Civil Service Act was the major part of his presidential career. That was enacted in 1883 which stated that federal government positions should be awarded based on merit instead of political affiliation. Grover Cleveland (1884-1888) He was praised for his honesty, self-reliance, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism, which is a type of political ideology. He fought political corruption, patronage, and bossism. Ben Harrison (1888-1892) He was elected exactly 100 years after George Washington. His grandfather was William Henry Harrison who was a war hero who died a month after he was inaugurated. In 1890 he signed the McKinley tariff which raised import tax and in the end helped in the formation of monopolies. This did not make him very popular to the common man. Grover Cleveland (1992-1896) He was re-elected in 1992 and and dealt with treasury crisis rather than business failures. When railroad strikers were striking he sent in troops which hurt American pride and his reputation. His policies during the depression were unpopular and his party left him and nominated William Jennings Bryan in 1896.